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Windows Server is Microsoft's family of operating systems built for servers. It has an interface similar to desktop Windows but is designed for server tasks such as website hosting, databases, Remote Desktop, file sharing and user management.
In this article we explain what Windows Server is used for, its versions, what to consider when choosing a version and the basics of licensing.
What Is Windows Server Used For?
- Web and application hosting: running ASP.NET and .NET applications with the IIS web server.
- Databases: hosting database servers such as Microsoft SQL Server.
- Remote Desktop (RDP): connecting to the server from anywhere with a graphical interface and running desktop applications.
- Active Directory: centrally managing users, computers and permissions on a company network.
- File and printer sharing: shared office folders and permissions.
- Virtualization: running several virtual machines on the same physical server with the Hyper-V role.
- Accounting and ERP software: server components of Windows-specific business software.
Windows Server vs Windows 10/11
| Windows Server | Windows 10/11 | |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Providing services (a server running 24/7) | Personal use |
| Server roles | Roles such as IIS, Active Directory, DNS, DHCP and Hyper-V | Limited |
| Remote Desktop | Multiple sessions (with RDS licences) | Single user |
| Interface options | Desktop Experience or Server Core (no GUI) | Desktop only |
| Licensing model | Per core + client access licences (CALs) | Per device |
Windows Server Versions and Support Dates
Microsoft provides security updates for each Windows Server version for a set period. Versions that have reached end of support no longer receive security patches.
| Version | End of extended support |
|---|---|
| Windows Server 2012 / 2012 R2 | 10 October 2023 (ended) |
| Windows Server 2016 | 12 January 2027 |
| Windows Server 2019 | 9 January 2029 |
| Windows Server 2022 | 14 October 2031 |
| Windows Server 2025 | Latest version |
For a new installation, choose a current version with a long support window unless your software requires an older one. You can check support dates on Microsoft's lifecycle page.
Editions: Standard, Datacenter, Essentials
- Standard: the most common edition, for a physical server or a small number of virtual machines.
- Datacenter: for heavily virtualized environments running many virtual machines.
- Essentials: a limited edition for small businesses with few users.
How Does Licensing Work?
A Windows Server licence is usually calculated by the number of processor cores. Users or devices connecting to the server may also need client access licences (CALs). If more than one person will use Remote Desktop at the same time, RDS CALs are required as well.
When you rent a virtual server (VDS), the licence may be provided through the provider's licensing programme. Before ordering, always check whether the licence is included in the price and how many Remote Desktop users are allowed.
Windows Server or Linux?
The software you use decides. ASP.NET Framework, MSSQL and Windows-specific desktop or accounting applications require Windows Server. For PHP, WordPress, Node.js and most open-source software, Linux usually uses fewer resources and has no licence cost. For a detailed comparison, see our article Windows vs Linux hosting.
How Much RAM Does Windows Server Need?
Windows Server with the Desktop Experience uses more RAM and disk than Linux. If you'll run a few applications over Remote Desktop, starting with at least 4 GB of RAM, and more for multiple users or SQL Server, gives you comfortable headroom. On the disk side, remember to leave free space for updates.
Using Windows Server at ViHyper
ViHyper doesn't offer shared Windows hosting; for projects that need Windows Server, you can choose a Windows Server version when ordering a VDS plan. The server is ready within minutes via the automated setup panel and you connect with Remote Desktop (RDP). Plans start at 2 GB of RAM; for Windows we recommend plans with 4 GB or more.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Windows Server free?
No. Microsoft offers time-limited evaluation versions for testing, but production use requires a licence.
How do I connect to Windows Server?
On Windows computers, use the built-in "Remote Desktop Connection" app with the server's IP address, user name and password. On macOS, Android and iOS you can use Microsoft's Remote Desktop app.
Can Windows Server 2012 still be used?
It works, but since it no longer receives security updates it isn't recommended for internet-facing servers. Choose a current version unless old software forces you to use it.
What is Server Core?
A Windows Server installation without a graphical interface, managed with the command line and remote management tools. It uses fewer resources and has a smaller attack surface.
